A cover letter is the piece of paper that goes on top of a submitted manuscript. It is not the same thing as a query letter. So, in my opinion, you should leave out
"My name is ____." because your signature at the bottom of the letter tells who you are.
"I have written a [novel, short story, etc.]" because your manuscript is attached. They know you've written something.
Making a decision for the person receiving the letter; as in, "You're going to be thrilled by this quirky love tale set in the big city," because you're being patronizing about how they should react.
Any "if you loved that, you will love this," or "just like" statements; as in, "If you loved Sex in the City, you'll love this book." or "This is [insert your favorite author's name] meets [insert your favorite movie]." While this kind of comparison is supposedly popular in Hollywood, it's more likely to be a deal-killer because the editor is likely to have one of two reactions:
a) We're already got too many SintheC clones or
b) I hate that author, or that movie, or both, and I don't want to read anything remotely like either of them.